Understanding What a Mineral Is
A mineral is a naturally occurring solid made from specific chemical elements. Minerals form in Earth’s crust and are the building blocks of rocks.
What Makes Something a Mineral
To be a mineral, a substance must be solid, naturally formed, have a definite chemical composition, and have a crystal structure.
How Minerals Form
Minerals form when molten rock cools, when water evaporates and leaves solids behind, or when pressure and temperature change deep underground.
Examples of Common Minerals
Quartz, feldspar, mica, calcite, and halite are common minerals. Each has unique colors, hardness levels, and crystal shapes.
How Minerals Are Identified
Scientists identify minerals by testing hardness, color, streak, luster, and how the mineral breaks. These properties help classify each type.
Why Minerals Matter
Minerals are used in electronics, construction, jewelry, and everyday products. They also form the rocks and landscapes we see around us.
The Simple Takeaway
A mineral is a natural solid with a specific chemical makeup and crystal structure. Minerals form Earth’s rocks and play key roles in modern life.