What Is an Antibiotic? Easy Breakdown

Understanding What an Antibiotic Is

An antibiotic is a medicine that kills harmful bacteria or stops them from growing. Doctors use antibiotics to treat bacterial infections like pneumonia or strep throat.

How Antibiotics Work

Antibiotics target parts of bacterial cells, such as their walls or protein-making systems. This makes the bacteria weaken, stop reproducing, or die completely.

What Antibiotics Do Not Do

Antibiotics only work against bacteria. They do not cure viruses like the flu, colds, or COVID-19. Using them incorrectly can make infections worse over time.

Types of Antibiotics

Some antibiotics kill a wide range of bacteria, while others target specific types. Common examples include penicillin, amoxicillin, and azithromycin.

Antibiotic Resistance

Overuse or misuse of antibiotics allows bacteria to adapt and become resistant. These “superbugs” are harder to treat and can cause dangerous infections.

How to Use Antibiotics Safely

Take antibiotics only when prescribed, follow the dosage exactly, and never stop early. Safe use helps prevent resistance and ensures the medicine remains effective.

The Simple Takeaway

Antibiotics are powerful medicines that treat bacterial infections. They save lives but must be used responsibly to stay effective.