What Is the Cervidae Family?
The Cervidae family is a group of hoofed mammals known as deer. Members of this family are found across North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. Cervids are easily recognized by their antlers—branched bone structures grown mainly by males and shed yearly.
How the Cervidae Family Is Classified
Cervidae is divided into two main subfamilies:
- Capreolinae: Includes moose, reindeer (caribou), white-tailed deer, and roe deer.
- Cervinae: Includes red deer, elk (wapiti), fallow deer, and sika deer.
Each group has unique traits, but all share a common evolutionary origin within the deer lineage.
Key Characteristics of Cervidae
- Antlers: Grown mostly by males and shed yearly; used for display and competition.
- Herbivorous Diet: Cervids feed on grass, leaves, twigs, and bark.
- Hoofed Feet: Adapted for running in forests, tundra, and open plains.
- Social Behaviour: Many species form seasonal groups or herds.
Why the Cervidae Family Matters
Cervids play important ecological roles by shaping vegetation through grazing and browsing. They are key prey for large predators like wolves and big cats. Some species, such as reindeer, have deep cultural and economic importance, while others are vital for forest and grassland ecosystems.
The Simple Takeaway
The Cervidae family includes deer, elk, moose, and reindeer—hoofed herbivores known for their antlers, wide distribution, and ecological importance.