What Is Xerinae?
Xerinae is a subfamily within the Sciuridae family that includes ground-dwelling squirrels, chipmunks, and prairie dogs. These rodents are mostly found in open habitats such as grasslands, deserts, and savannas. Unlike tree squirrels, Xerinae species spend much of their time on or under the ground.
How Xerinae Is Classified
Xerinae includes several well-known groups, such as:
- Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus, Urocitellus): Small rodents that dig burrows and feed on seeds and insects.
- Chipmunks (Tamias): Striped, fast-moving rodents known for cheek pouches used to store food.
- Prairie Dogs (Cynomys): Highly social rodents that live in large colonies called “towns.”
These groups share adaptations for digging, quick movement, and life in open landscapes.
Key Characteristics of Xerinae
- Burrowing Behavior: Many species live in underground tunnels for safety and shelter.
- Adaptation to Open Habitats: Found in deserts, grasslands, and prairies rather than dense forests.
- Omnivorous Diet: Seeds, nuts, insects, and plants form the bulk of their diet.
- Social Structure: Some, like prairie dogs, form complex social groups.
Why Xerinae Matters
Species in Xerinae play important ecological roles by aerating soil through digging, dispersing seeds, and serving as prey for many predators. Prairie dogs also influence grassland ecosystems by shaping vegetation through their feeding and burrowing habits.
The Simple Takeaway
Xerinae is the subfamily of ground squirrels, chipmunks, and prairie dogs—burrowing rodents adapted to open habitats and essential for healthy ecosystems.